Multi-Family Residential Building – Hourly Energy and IEQ Monitoring Time Series - Bolzano area, Italy (2006–2009)

This dataset contains three years of hourly monitored data from a multi-family residential building located in the Bolzano area, South Tyrol, Italy (46°N, Alpine climate). It covers the period from 1 July 2006 to 21 July 2009 and provides continuous time series combining energy consumption measurements with indoor environmental quality (IEQ) indicators and meteorological context variables. The dataset is released as original monitored data: no outlier removal, smoothing, or gap-filling has been applied. A number of anomalous values and atypical operational trends have been intentionally preserved. This makes the dataset well-suited for benchmarking and stress-testing anomaly detection algorithms, fault detection and diagnostics (FDD) tools, and data quality assessment pipelines in the building energy domain. Note: Temperature profiles are obtained after averaging on similar profiles from 8 selected apartments. The energy consumption is the aggregated value at building level (same apartments). Variable Description Unit Min Max Mean Electricity Hourly electrical energy consumption kWh 0.00 78.00 1.62 CO₂ concentration Indoor CO₂ concentration (occupancy/ventilation proxy) ppm 452 1908 832.71 Internal temperature Indoor air temperature °C 12.60 31.20 24.27 Thermal energy consumption Hourly thermal energy (heating/DHW) kWh 0.00 27.00 5.98 External global radiation Horizontal global solar irradiance W/m² 0.00 1035.00 151.95 Outside temperature Outdoor ambient air temperature °C −8.10 38.30 13.33 Note: min, max, and mean are computed over all 25,699 records. No missing values are present. Extreme values (e.g., electricity max 78 kWh/h; CO₂ max 1,908 ppm) reflect both real operational peaks and intentionally retained anomalous readings. Users should not treat these values as errors before understanding the anomaly detection context of this release. Related resources: Platform: https://www.moderate.cloud (interactive access, API) Documentation: https://moderate-project.github.io/moderate-docs Source code / tools: https://github.com/MODERATE-Project/ Project website: https://moderate-project.eu Grant Agreement: Horizon Europe GA 101069834 This dataset is released under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). You may use, share, and adapt the data for any purpose, provided you give appropriate credit. If you use this dataset, please cite: M. Castagna, C. Pozza (2026). Multi-Family Residential Building – Hourly Energy and IEQ Monitoring Time Series - Bolzano area, Italy (2006–2009). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20096697Project: MODERATE (Horizon Europe GA 101069834). https://www.moderate.cloud

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

EURAC research